| | Geography - note (2002) | Geography - note (2001) |
![Afghanistan](/flagi/bmala/Afghanistan-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Afghanistan |
landlocked; the Hindu Kush mountains that run northeast to southwest divide the northern provinces from the rest of the country; the highest peaks are in the northern Vakhan (Wakhan Corridor) |
landlocked |
![Andorra](/flagi/bmala/Andorra-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Andorra |
landlocked; straddles a number of important crossroads in the Pyrenees |
landlocked |
![Anguilla](/flagi/bmala/Anguilla-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Anguilla |
the most northerly of the Leeward Islands in the Lesser Antilles |
- |
![Antigua and Barbuda](/flagi/bmala/Antigua and Barbuda-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Antigua and Barbuda |
Antigua has a deeply indented shoreline with many natural harbors and beaches; Barbuda has a very large western harbor |
- |
![Argentina](/flagi/bmala/Argentina-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Argentina |
second-largest country in South America (after Brazil); strategic location relative to sea lanes between the South Atlantic and the South Pacific Oceans (Strait of Magellan, Beagle Channel, Drake Passage); Cerro Aconcagua is South America's tallest mountain, while the Valdes Peninsula is the lowest point on the continent |
second-largest country in South America (after Brazil); strategic location relative to sea lanes between South Atlantic and South Pacific Oceans (Strait of Magellan, Beagle Channel, Drake Passage) |
![Armenia](/flagi/bmala/Armenia-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Armenia |
landlocked in the Lesser Caucasus Mountains; Sevana Lich (Lake Sevan) is the largest lake in this mountain range |
landlocked |
![Aruba](/flagi/bmala/Aruba-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Aruba |
a flat, riverless island renowned for its white sand beaches; its tropical climate is moderated by constant trade winds from the Atlantic Ocean; the temperature is almost constant at about 27 degrees Celsius (81 degrees Fahrenheit) |
- |
![Azerbaijan](/flagi/bmala/Azerbaijan-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Azerbaijan |
both the main area of the country and the Naxcivan exclave are landlocked |
landlocked |
![Bahamas, The](/flagi/bmala/Bahamas, The-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Bahamas, The |
strategic location adjacent to US and Cuba; extensive island chain of which 30 are inhabited |
strategic location adjacent to US and Cuba; extensive island chain |
![Bahrain](/flagi/bmala/Bahrain-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Bahrain |
close to primary Middle Eastern petroleum sources; strategic location in Persian Gulf, which much of Western world's petroleum must transit to reach open ocean |
close to primary Middle Eastern petroleum sources; strategic location in Persian Gulf which much of Western world's petroleum must transit to reach open ocean |
![Bangladesh](/flagi/bmala/Bangladesh-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Bangladesh |
most of the country is situated on deltas of large rivers flowing from the Himalayas: the Ganges unites with the Jamuna (main channel of the Brahmaputra) and later joins the Meghna to eventually empty into the Bay of Bengal |
- |
![Bassas da India](/flagi/bmala/Bassas da India-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Bassas da India |
the islands emerge from a circular reef that sits atop a long-extinct, submerged volcano |
- |
![Belarus](/flagi/bmala/Belarus-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Belarus |
landlocked; glacial scouring accounts for the flatness of Belarusian terrain and for its 11,000 lakes; the country is geologically well endowed with extensive deposits of granite, dolomitic limestone, marl, chalk, sand, gravel, and clay |
landlocked |
![Belgium](/flagi/bmala/Belgium-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Belgium |
crossroads of Western Europe; majority of West European capitals within 1,000 km of Brussels, the seat of both the European Union and NATO |
crossroads of Western Europe; majority of West European capitals within 1,000 km of Brussels which is the seat of both the EU and NATO |
![Benin](/flagi/bmala/Benin-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Benin |
sandbanks create difficult access to a coast with no natural harbors, river mouths, or islands |
no natural harbors |
![Bermuda](/flagi/bmala/Bermuda-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Bermuda |
consists of about 138 coral islands and islets with ample rainfall, but no rivers or freshwater lakes; some land, reclaimed and otherwise, was leased by US Government from 1941 to 1995 |
consists of about 360 small coral islands with ample rainfall, but no rivers or freshwater lakes; some land, reclaimed and otherwise, was leased by US Government from 1941 to 1995 |
![Bosnia and Herzegovina](/flagi/bmala/Bosnia and Herzegovina-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
within Bosnia and Herzegovina's recognized borders, the country is divided into a joint Bosniak/Croat Federation (about 51% of the territory) and the Bosnian Serb-led Republika Srpska or RS (about 49% of the territory); the region called Herzegovina is contiguous to Croatia and Serbia and Montenegro (Montenegro), and traditionally has been settled by an ethnic Croat majority in the west and an ethnic Serb majority in the east |
within Bosnia and Herzegovina's recognized borders, the country is divided into a joint Bosniak/Croat Federation (about 51% of the territory) and the Bosnian Serb-led Republika Srpska or RS (about 49% of the territory); the region called Herzegovina is contiguous to Croatia and traditionally has been settled by an ethnic Croat majority |
![Burkina Faso](/flagi/bmala/Burkina Faso-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Burkina Faso |
landlocked savanna cut by the three principal rivers of the Black, Red, and White Voltas |
landlocked |
![Burundi](/flagi/bmala/Burundi-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Burundi |
landlocked; straddles crest of the Nile-Congo watershed; the Kagera, which drains into Lake Victoria, is the most remote headstream of the White Nile |
landlocked; straddles crest of the Nile-Congo watershed |
![Cameroon](/flagi/bmala/Cameroon-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Cameroon |
sometimes referred to as the hinge of Africa; throughout the country there are areas of thermal springs and indications of current or prior volcanic activity; Mount Cameroon, the highest mountain in Sub-Saharan west Africa, is an active volcano |
sometimes referred to as the hinge of Africa |
![China](/flagi/bmala/China-2002-bmala.jpg) |
China |
world's fourth-largest country (after Russia, Canada, and US); Mount Everest on the border with Nepal, is the world's tallest peak; soybean, one of the oldest of cultivated crops, is believed to have originated in China |
world's fourth-largest country (after Russia, Canada, and US) |
![Clipperton Island](/flagi/bmala/Clipperton Island-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Clipperton Island |
reef 12 km in circumference |
reef about 8 km in circumference |
![Cocos (Keeling) Islands](/flagi/bmala/Cocos (Keeling) Islands-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Cocos (Keeling) Islands |
islands are thickly covered with coconut palms and other vegetation |
two coral atolls thickly covered with coconut palms and other vegetation |
![Congo, Democratic Republic of the](/flagi/bmala/Congo, Democratic Republic of the-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Congo, Democratic Republic of the |
straddles Equator; has very narrow strip of land that controls the lower Congo River and is only outlet to South Atlantic Ocean; dense tropical rain forest in central river basin and eastern highlands |
straddles Equator; very narrow strip of land that controls the lower Congo river and is only outlet to South Atlantic Ocean; dense tropical rain forest in central river basin and eastern highlands |
![Cook Islands](/flagi/bmala/Cook Islands-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Cook Islands |
the northern Cook Islands are seven low-lying, sparsely populated, coral atolls; the southern Cook Islands consist of eight elevated, fertile, volcanic isles where most of the populace lives |
- |
![Costa Rica](/flagi/bmala/Costa Rica-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Costa Rica |
four volcanoes, two of them active, rise near the capital of San Jose in the center of the country; one of the volcanoes, Irazu, erupted destructively in 1963-65 |
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![Cote d'Ivoire](/flagi/bmala/bmala.jpg) |
Cote d'Ivoire |
most of the inhabitants live along the sandy coastal region; apart from the capital area, the forested interior is sparsely populated |
- |
![Cuba](/flagi/bmala/Cuba-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Cuba |
largest country in Caribbean and westernmost island of the Greater Antilles |
largest country in Caribbean |
![Cyprus](/flagi/bmala/Cyprus-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Cyprus |
the third largest island in the Mediterranean Sea (after Sicily and Sardinia) |
- |
![Djibouti](/flagi/bmala/Djibouti-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Djibouti |
strategic location near world's busiest shipping lanes and close to Arabian oilfields; terminus of rail traffic into Ethiopia; mostly wasteland; Lac Assal (Lake Assal) is the lowest point in Africa |
strategic location near world's busiest shipping lanes and close to Arabian oilfields; terminus of rail traffic into Ethiopia; mostly wasteland |
![Dominica](/flagi/bmala/Dominica-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Dominica |
known as "The Nature Island of the Caribbean" due to its spectacular, lush, and varied flora and fauna, which are protected by an extensive natural park system; the most mountainous of the Lesser Antilles, its volcanic peaks are cones of lava craters and include Boiling Lake, the second-largest, thermally active lake in the world |
- |
![East Timor](/flagi/bmala/East Timor-2002-bmala.jpg) |
East Timor |
Timor is the Malay word for "Orient"; the island of Timor is part of the Malay Archipelago and is the largest and easternmost of the Lesser Sunda Islands |
- |
![Estonia](/flagi/bmala/Estonia-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Estonia |
the mainland terrain is flat, boggy, and partly wooded; offshore lie more than 1,500 islands |
- |
![Ethiopia](/flagi/bmala/Ethiopia-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Ethiopia |
landlocked - entire coastline along the Red Sea was lost with the de jure independence of Eritrea on 24 May 1993; the Blue Nile, the chief headstream of the Nile, rises in T'ana Hayk (Lake Tana) in northwest Ethiopia; three major crops are believed to have originated in Ethiopia: coffee, grain sorghum, and castor bean |
landlocked - entire coastline along the Red Sea was lost with the de jure independence of Eritrea on 24 May 1993 |
![French Guiana](/flagi/bmala/French Guiana-2002-bmala.jpg) |
French Guiana |
mostly an unsettled wilderness; the only non-independent portion of the South American continent |
mostly an unsettled wilderness |
![French Polynesia](/flagi/bmala/French Polynesia-2002-bmala.jpg) |
French Polynesia |
includes five archipelagoes (4 volcanic, 1 coral); Makatea in French Polynesia is one of the three great phosphate rock islands in the Pacific Ocean - the others are Banaba (Ocean Island) in Kiribati and Nauru |
includes five archipelagoes; Makatea in French Polynesia is one of the three great phosphate rock islands in the Pacific Ocean - the others are Banaba (Ocean Island) in Kiribati and Nauru |
![Gabon](/flagi/bmala/Gabon-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Gabon |
a small population and oil and mineral reserves have helped Gabon become one of Africa's wealthier countries; in general, these circumstances have allowed the country to maintain and conserve its pristine rain forest and rich biodiversity |
- |
![Gaza Strip](/flagi/bmala/bmala.jpg) |
Gaza Strip |
there are 25 Israeli settlements and civilian land use sites in the Gaza Strip (February 2002 est.) |
there are 25 Israeli settlements and civilian land use sites in the Gaza Strip (August 2000 est.) |
![Georgia](/flagi/bmala/Georgia-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Georgia |
strategically located east of the Black Sea; Georgia controls much of the Caucasus Mountains and the routes through them |
- |
![Ghana](/flagi/bmala/Ghana-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Ghana |
Lake Volta is the world's largest artificial lake |
Lake Volta is the world's largest artificial lake; northeasterly harmattan wind (January to March) |
![Glorioso Islands](/flagi/bmala/Glorioso Islands-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Glorioso Islands |
the islands and rocks are surrounded by an extensive reef system |
- |
![Guadeloupe](/flagi/bmala/Guadeloupe-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Guadeloupe |
a narrow channel, the Riviere Salee, divides Guadeloupe proper into two islands: the larger, western Basse-Terre and the smaller, eastern Grande-Terre |
- |
![Guinea](/flagi/bmala/Guinea-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Guinea |
the Niger and its important tributary the Milo have their sources in the Guinean highlands |
- |
![Guinea-Bissau](/flagi/bmala/Guinea-Bissau-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Guinea-Bissau |
this small country is swampy along its western coast and low-lying further inland |
- |
![Guyana](/flagi/bmala/Guyana-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Guyana |
the third-smallest country in South America after Suriname and Uruguay; substantial portions of its western and eastern territories are claimed by Venezuela and Suriname respectively |
- |
![Heard Island and McDonald Islands](/flagi/bmala/Heard Island and McDonald Islands-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Heard Island and McDonald Islands |
- |
primarily used for research stations |
![Holy See (Vatican City)](/flagi/bmala/Holy See (Vatican City)-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Holy See (Vatican City) |
urban; landlocked; enclave in Rome, Italy; world's smallest state; outside the Vatican City, 13 buildings in Rome and Castel Gandolfo (the pope's summer residence) enjoy extraterritorial rights |
urban; landlocked; enclave of Rome, Italy; world's smallest state; outside the Vatican City, 13 buildings in Rome and Castel Gandolfo (the pope's summer residence) enjoy extraterritorial rights |
![Honduras](/flagi/bmala/Honduras-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Honduras |
has only a short Pacific coast but a long Caribbean shoreline, including the virtually uninhabited eastern Mosquito Coast |
- |
![Hungary](/flagi/bmala/Hungary-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Hungary |
landlocked; strategic location astride main land routes between Western Europe and Balkan Peninsula as well as between Ukraine and Mediterranean basin; the north-south flowing Duna (Danube) and Tisza Rivers divide the country into three large regions |
landlocked; strategic location astride main land routes between Western Europe and Balkan Peninsula as well as between Ukraine and Mediterranean basin |
![Iran](/flagi/bmala/Iran-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Iran |
strategic location on the Persian Gulf and Strait of Hormuz, which are vital maritime pathways for crude oil transport |
- |
![Iraq](/flagi/bmala/Iraq-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Iraq |
strategic location on Shatt al Arab waterway and at the head of the Persian Gulf |
- |
![Israel](/flagi/bmala/Israel-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Israel |
there are 242 Israeli settlements and civilian land use sites in the West Bank, 42 in the Israeli-occupied Golan Heights, 25 in the Gaza Strip, and 29 in East Jerusalem (February 2002 est.); Sea of Galilee is an important freshwater source |
there are 231 Israeli settlements and civilian land use sites in the West Bank, 42 in the Israeli-occupied Golan Heights, 25 in the Gaza Strip, and 29 in East Jerusalem (August 2000 est.) |
![Jamaica](/flagi/bmala/Jamaica-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Jamaica |
strategic location between Cayman Trench and Jamaica Channel, the main sea lanes for the Panama Canal |
strategic location between Cayman Trench and Jamaica Channel, the main sea lanes for Panama Canal |
![Johnston Atoll](/flagi/bmala/Johnston Atoll-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Johnston Atoll |
strategic location in the North Pacific Ocean; Johnston Island and Sand Island are natural islands, which have been expanded by coral dredging; North Island (Akau) and East Island (Hikina) are manmade islands formed from coral dredging; egg-shaped reef is 34 km in circumference; closed to the public; former US nuclear weapons test site; site of Johnston Atoll Chemical Agent Disposal System (JACADS); some lowgrowing vegetation |
strategic location in the North Pacific Ocean; Johnston Island and Sand Island are natural islands, which have been expanded by coral dredging; North Island (Akau) and East Island (Hikina) are manmade islands formed from coral dredging; egg-shaped reef is 34 km in circumference; closed to the public; former US nuclear weapons test site; site of Johnston Atoll Chemical Agent Disposal System (JACADS); some low-growing vegetation |
![Jordan](/flagi/bmala/Jordan-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Jordan |
strategic location at the head of the Gulf of Aqaba and as the Arab country that shares the longest border with Israel and the occupied West Bank |
- |
![Kenya](/flagi/bmala/Kenya-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Kenya |
the Kenyan Highlands comprise one of the most successful agricultural production regions in Africa; glaciers are found on Mount Kenya, Africa's second highest peak; unique physiography supports abundant and varied wildlife of scientific and economic value |
the Kenyan Highlands comprise one of the most successful agricultural production regions in Africa; glaciers on Mt. Kenya; unique physiography supports abundant and varied wildlife of scientific and economic value |
![Kiribati](/flagi/bmala/Kiribati-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Kiribati |
21 of the 33 islands are inhabited; Banaba (Ocean Island) in Kiribati is one of the three great phosphate rock islands in the Pacific Ocean - the others are Makatea in French Polynesia, and Nauru |
20 of the 33 islands are inhabited; Banaba (Ocean Island) in Kiribati is one of the three great phosphate rock islands in the Pacific Ocean - the others are Makatea in French Polynesia, and Nauru |
![Korea, South](/flagi/bmala/Korea, South-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Korea, South |
strategic location on Korea Strait |
- |
![Kyrgyzstan](/flagi/bmala/Kyrgyzstan-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Kyrgyzstan |
landlocked; entirely mountainous, dominated by the Tien Shan range; many tall peaks, glaciers, and high-altitude lakes |
landlocked |
![Laos](/flagi/bmala/Laos-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Laos |
landlocked; most of the country is mountainous and thickly forested; the Mekong forms a large part of the western boundary with Thailand |
landlocked |
![Latvia](/flagi/bmala/Latvia-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Latvia |
most of the country is composed of fertile, low-lying plains, with some hills in the east |
- |
![Lebanon](/flagi/bmala/Lebanon-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Lebanon |
Nahr el Litani only major river in Near East not crossing an international boundary; rugged terrain historically helped isolate, protect, and develop numerous factional groups based on religion, clan, and ethnicity |
Nahr al Litani only major river in Near East not crossing an international boundary; rugged terrain historically helped isolate, protect, and develop numerous factional groups based on religion, clan, and ethnicity |
![Lesotho](/flagi/bmala/Lesotho-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Lesotho |
landlocked, completely surrounded by South Africa; mountainous, more than 80% of the country is 1,800 meters above sea level |
landlocked; surrounded by South Africa |
![Liberia](/flagi/bmala/Liberia-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Liberia |
facing the Atlantic Ocean, the coastline is characterized by lagoons, mangrove swamps, and river-deposited sandbars; the inland grassy plateau supports limited agriculture |
- |
![Libya](/flagi/bmala/Libya-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Libya |
more than 90% of the country is desert or semidesert |
- |
![Lithuania](/flagi/bmala/Lithuania-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Lithuania |
fertile central plains are separated by hilly uplands that are ancient glacial deposits |
- |
![Luxembourg](/flagi/bmala/Luxembourg-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Luxembourg |
landlocked; the only Grand Duchy in the world, it is the smallest of the European Union member states |
landlocked |
![Malawi](/flagi/bmala/Malawi-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Malawi |
landlocked; Lake Nyasa, some 580 km long, is the country's most prominent physical feature |
landlocked |
![Maldives](/flagi/bmala/Maldives-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Maldives |
1,190 coral islands grouped into 26 atolls (200 inhabited islands, plus 80 islands with tourist resorts); archipelago with strategic location astride and along major sea lanes in Indian Ocean |
1,190 coral islands grouped into 26 atolls (200 inhabited islands, plus 80 islands with tourist resorts); archipelago of strategic location astride and along major sea lanes in Indian Ocean |
![Mali](/flagi/bmala/Mali-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Mali |
landlocked; divided into three natural zones: the southern, cultivated Sudanese; the central, semiarid Sahelian; and the northern, arid Saharan |
landlocked |
![Martinique](/flagi/bmala/Martinique-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Martinique |
the island is dominated by Mount Pelee, which on 8 May 1902 erupted and completely destroyed the city of Saint Pierre, killing 30,000 inhabitants |
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![Mauritius](/flagi/bmala/Mauritius-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Mauritius |
the main island, from which the country derives its name, is of volcanic origin and is almost entirely surrounded by coral reefs |
- |
![Mexico](/flagi/bmala/Mexico-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Mexico |
strategic location on southern border of US; corn (maize), one of the world's major grain crops, is thought to have originated in Mexico |
strategic location on southern border of US |
![Midway Islands](/flagi/bmala/Midway Islands-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Midway Islands |
a coral atoll managed as a national wildlife refuge and open to the public for wildlife-related recreation in the form of wildlife observation and photography, sport fishing, snorkeling, and scuba diving; the refuge is temporarily closed for reorganization at present (2003) |
a coral atoll managed as a national wildlife refuge and open to the public for wildlife-related recreation in the form of wildlife observation and photography, sport fishing, snorkeling, and scuba diving |
![Moldova](/flagi/bmala/Moldova-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Moldova |
landlocked; well endowed with various sedimentary rocks and minerals including sand, gravel, gypsum, and limestone |
landlocked |
![Montserrat](/flagi/bmala/Montserrat-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Montserrat |
the island is entirely volcanic in origin and contains seven active volcanoes |
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![Mozambique](/flagi/bmala/Mozambique-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Mozambique |
the Zambezi flows through the north-central and most fertile part of the country |
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![Namibia](/flagi/bmala/Namibia-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Namibia |
first country in the world to incorporate the protection of the environment into its constitution; some 14% of the land is protected, including virtually the entire Namib Desert coastal strip |
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![Nepal](/flagi/bmala/Nepal-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Nepal |
landlocked; strategic location between China and India; contains eight of world's 10 highest peaks, including Mount Everest - the world's tallest - on the border with China |
landlocked; strategic location between China and India; contains eight of world's 10 highest peaks |
![Netherlands Antilles](/flagi/bmala/Netherlands Antilles-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Netherlands Antilles |
the five islands of the Netherlands Antilles are divided geographically into the Leeward Islands (northern) group (Saba, Sint Eustatius, and Sint Maarten) and the Windward Islands (southern) group (Bonaire and Curacao) |
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![New Caledonia](/flagi/bmala/New Caledonia-2002-bmala.jpg) |
New Caledonia |
consists of the main island of New Caledonia (one of the largest in the Pacific Ocean), the archipelago of Iles Loyaute, and numerous small, sparsely populated islands and atolls |
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![Nicaragua](/flagi/bmala/Nicaragua-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Nicaragua |
largest country in Central America; contains the largest freshwater body in Central America, Lago de Nicaragua |
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![Niger](/flagi/bmala/Niger-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Niger |
landlocked; one of the hottest countries in the world: northern four-fifths is desert, southern one-fifth is savanna, suitable for livestock and limited agriculture |
landlocked |
![Nigeria](/flagi/bmala/Nigeria-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Nigeria |
the Niger enters the country in the northwest and flows southward through tropical rain forests and swamps to its delta in the Gulf of Guinea |
- |
![Norfolk Island](/flagi/bmala/Norfolk Island-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Norfolk Island |
most of the 32-km coastline consists of almost inaccessible cliffs, but the land slopes down to the sea in one small southern area on Sydney Bay, where the capital of Kingston is situated |
- |
![Norway](/flagi/bmala/Norway-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Norway |
about two-thirds mountains; some 50,000 islands off its much indented coastline; strategic location adjacent to sea lanes and air routes in North Atlantic; one of most rugged and longest coastlines in world |
about two-thirds mountains; some 50,000 islands off its much indented coastline; strategic location adjacent to sea lanes and air routes in North Atlantic; one of most rugged and longest coastlines in world; Norway is the only NATO member having a land boundary with Russia |
![Palau](/flagi/bmala/Palau-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Palau |
westernmost archipelago in the Caroline chain, consists of six island groups totaling more than 300 islands; includes World War II battleground of Beliliou (Peleliu) and world-famous rock islands |
includes World War II battleground of Beliliou (Peleliu) and world-famous rock islands; archipelago of six island groups totaling over 200 islands in the Caroline chain |
![Paracel Islands](/flagi/bmala/bmala.jpg) |
Paracel Islands |
composed of 130 small coral islands and reefs divided into the northeast Amphitrite Group and the western Crescent Group |
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![Paraguay](/flagi/bmala/Paraguay-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Paraguay |
landlocked; lies between Argentina, Bolivia, and Brazil; population concentrated in southern part of country |
landlocked; lies between Argentina, Bolivia, and Brazil |
![Peru](/flagi/bmala/Peru-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Peru |
shares control of Lago Titicaca, world's highest navigable lake, with Bolivia; remote Lake McIntyre is the ultimate source of the Amazon River |
shares control of Lago Titicaca, world's highest navigable lake, with Bolivia |
![Philippines](/flagi/bmala/Philippines-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Philippines |
favorably located in relation to many of Southeast Asia's main water bodies: the South China Sea, Philippine Sea, Sulu Sea, Celebes Sea, and Luzon Strait |
- |
![Pitcairn Islands](/flagi/bmala/Pitcairn Islands-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Pitcairn Islands |
Britain's most isolated dependency; only the larger island of Pitcairn is inhabited but it has no port or natural harbor; supplies must be transported by rowed longboat from larger ships stationed offshore |
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![Reunion](/flagi/bmala/Reunion-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Reunion |
this mountainous, volcanic island has an active volcano, Piton de la Fournaise; there is a tropical cyclone center at Saint-Denis, which is the monitoring station for the whole of the Indian Ocean |
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![Russia](/flagi/bmala/Russia-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Russia |
largest country in the world in terms of area but unfavorably located in relation to major sea lanes of the world; despite its size, much of the country lacks proper soils and climates (either too cold or too dry) for agriculture; Mount Elbrus is Europe's tallest peak |
largest country in the world in terms of area but unfavorably located in relation to major sea lanes of the world; despite its size, much of the country lacks proper soils and climates (either too cold or too dry) for agriculture |
![Rwanda](/flagi/bmala/Rwanda-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Rwanda |
landlocked; most of the country is savanna grassland with the population predominantly rural |
landlocked; predominantly rural population |
![Saint Kitts and Nevis](/flagi/bmala/Saint Kitts and Nevis-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Saint Kitts and Nevis |
with coastlines in the shape of a baseball bat and ball, the two volcanic islands are separated by a three-km-wide channel called The Narrows; on the southern tip of long, baseball bat-shaped Saint Kitts lies the Great Salt Pond; Nevis Peak sits in the center of its almost circular namesake island and its ball shape complements that of its sister island |
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![Saint Lucia](/flagi/bmala/Saint Lucia-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Saint Lucia |
the twin Pitons (Gros Piton and Petit Piton), striking cone-shaped peaks south of Soufriere, are one of the scenic natural highlights of the Caribbean |
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![Saint Vincent and the Grenadines](/flagi/bmala/Saint Vincent and the Grenadines-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines |
the administration of the islands of the Grenadines group is divided between Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and Grenada; Saint Vincent and the Grenadines is comprised of 32 islands and cays |
the administration of the islands of the Grenadines group is divided between Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and Grenada |
![Samoa](/flagi/bmala/Samoa-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Samoa |
occupies an almost central position within Polynesia |
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![Sao Tome and Principe](/flagi/bmala/Sao Tome and Principe-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Sao Tome and Principe |
the smallest country in Africa; the two main islands form part of a chain of extinct volcanoes and both are fairly mountainous |
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![Senegal](/flagi/bmala/Senegal-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Senegal |
westernmost country on the African continent; The Gambia is almost an enclave of Senegal |
The Gambia is almost an enclave of Senegal |
![Serbia and Montenegro](/flagi/bmala/Serbia and Montenegro-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Serbia and Montenegro |
controls one of the major land routes from Western Europe to Turkey and the Near East; strategic location along the Adriatic coast |
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![Sierra Leone](/flagi/bmala/Sierra Leone-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Sierra Leone |
rainfall along the coast can reach 495 cm (195 inches) a year, making it one of the wettest places along coastal, western Africa |
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![Slovakia](/flagi/bmala/Slovakia-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Slovakia |
landlocked; most of the country is rugged and mountainous; the Tatra Mountains in the north are interspersed with many scenic lakes and valleys |
landlocked |
![Slovenia](/flagi/bmala/Slovenia-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Slovenia |
despite its small size, this eastern Alpine country controls some of Europe's major transit routes |
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![Solomon Islands](/flagi/bmala/Solomon Islands-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Solomon Islands |
strategic location on sea routes between the South Pacific Ocean, the Solomon Sea, and the Coral Sea |
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![South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands](/flagi/bmala/South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands-2002-bmala.jpg) |
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands |
the north coast of South Georgia has several large bays, which provide good anchorage; reindeer, introduced early in the 21st century, live on South Georgia |
the north coast of South Georgia has several large bays, which provide good anchorage; reindeer, introduced early in this century, live on South Georgia |
![Suriname](/flagi/bmala/Suriname-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Suriname |
smallest independent country on South American continent; mostly tropical rain forest; great diversity of flora and fauna that, for the most part, is increasingly threatened by new development; relatively small population, mostly along the coast |
mostly tropical rain forest; great diversity of flora and fauna that, for the most part, is increasingly threatened by new development; relatively small population, most of which lives along the coast |
![Switzerland](/flagi/bmala/Switzerland-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Switzerland |
landlocked; crossroads of northern and southern Europe; along with southeastern France, northern Italy, and southwestern Austria, has the highest elevations in the Alps |
landlocked; crossroads of northern and southern Europe; along with southeastern France and northern Italy, contains the highest elevations in Europe |
![Syria](/flagi/bmala/Syria-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Syria |
there are 42 Israeli settlements and civilian land use sites in the Israeli-occupied Golan Heights (February 2002 est.) |
there are 42 Israeli settlements and civilian land use sites in the Israeli-occupied Golan Heights (August 1999 est.) |
![Taiwan](/flagi/bmala/Taiwan-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Taiwan |
strategic location adjacent to both the Taiwan Strait and the Luzon Strait |
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![Tajikistan](/flagi/bmala/Tajikistan-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Tajikistan |
landlocked; mountainous region dominated by the Trans-Alay Range in the north and the Pamirs in the southeast; highest point, Qullai Ismoili Somoni (formerly Communism Peak), was the tallest mountain in the former USSR |
landlocked |
![Tanzania](/flagi/bmala/Tanzania-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Tanzania |
Kilimanjaro is highest point in Africa; bordered by three of the largest lakes on the continent: Lake Victoria (the world's second-largest freshwater lake) in the north, Lake Tanganyika (the world's second deepest) in the west, and Lake Nyasa in the southwest |
Kilimanjaro is highest point in Africa |
![Togo](/flagi/bmala/Togo-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Togo |
the country's length allows it to stretch through six distinct geographic regions; climate varies from tropical to savanna |
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![Tokelau](/flagi/bmala/Tokelau-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Tokelau |
consists of three atolls, each with a lagoon surrounded by a number of reef-bound islets of varying length and rising to over three meters above sea level |
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![Tonga](/flagi/bmala/Tonga-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Tonga |
archipelago of 169 islands (36 inhabited) |
archipelago of 170 islands (36 inhabited) |
![Trinidad and Tobago](/flagi/bmala/Trinidad and Tobago-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Trinidad and Tobago |
Pitch Lake, on Trinidad's southwestern coast, is the world's largest natural reservoir of asphalt |
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![Tromelin Island](/flagi/bmala/Tromelin Island-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Tromelin Island |
climatologically important location for forecasting cyclones; wildlife sanctuary (seabirds, tortoises) |
climatologically important location for forecasting cyclones; wildlife sanctuary |
![Turkey](/flagi/bmala/Turkey-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Turkey |
strategic location controlling the Turkish Straits (Bosporus, Sea of Marmara, Dardanelles) that link Black and Aegean Seas; Mount Ararat, the legendary landing place of Noah's Ark, is in the far eastern portion of the country |
strategic location controlling the Turkish Straits (Bosporus, Sea of Marmara, Dardanelles) that link Black and Aegean Seas |
![Turkmenistan](/flagi/bmala/Turkmenistan-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Turkmenistan |
landlocked; the western and central low-lying, desolate portions of the country make up the great Garagum (Kara-Kum) desert, which occupies over 80% of the country; eastern part is plateau |
landlocked |
![Turks and Caicos Islands](/flagi/bmala/Turks and Caicos Islands-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Turks and Caicos Islands |
about 40 islands (eight inhabited) |
30 islands (eight inhabited) |
![Tuvalu](/flagi/bmala/Tuvalu-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Tuvalu |
one of the smallest and most remote countries on Earth; six of the coral atolls - Nanumea, Nui, Vaitupu, Nukufetau, Funafuti, and Nukulaelae - have lagoons open to the ocean; Nanumaya and Niutao have landlocked lagoons; Niulakita does not have a lagoon |
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![Uganda](/flagi/bmala/Uganda-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Uganda |
landlocked; fertile, well-watered country with many lakes and rivers |
landlocked |
![United States](/flagi/bmala/United States-2002-bmala.jpg) |
United States |
world's third-largest country by size (after Russia and Canada) and by population (after China and India); Mt. McKinley is highest point in North America and Death Valley the lowest point on the continent |
world's third-largest country (after Russia and Canada) |
![Uruguay](/flagi/bmala/Uruguay-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Uruguay |
second-smallest South American country (after Suriname); most of the low-lying landscape (three-quarters of the country) is grassland, ideal for cattle and sheep raising |
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![Vanuatu](/flagi/bmala/Vanuatu-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Vanuatu |
a Y-shaped chain of four main islands and 80 smaller islands; several of the islands have active volcanoes |
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![Venezuela](/flagi/bmala/Venezuela-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Venezuela |
on major sea and air routes linking North and South America; Angel Falls in the Guiana Highlands is the world's highest waterfall |
on major sea and air routes linking North and South America |
![Vietnam](/flagi/bmala/Vietnam-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Vietnam |
extending 1,650 km north to south, the country is only 50 km across at its narrowest point |
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![Virgin Islands](/flagi/bmala/Virgin Islands-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Virgin Islands |
important location along the Anegada Passage - a key shipping lane for the Panama Canal; Saint Thomas has one of the best natural deepwater harbors in the Caribbean |
important location along the Anegada Passage - a key shipping lane for the Panama Canal; Saint Thomas has one of the best natural, deepwater harbors in the Caribbean |
![West Bank](/flagi/bmala/bmala.jpg) |
West Bank |
landlocked; highlands are main recharge area for Israel's coastal aquifers; there are 242 Israeli settlements and civilian land use sites in the West Bank and 29 in East Jerusalem (February 2002 est.) |
landlocked; highlands are main recharge area for Israel's coastal aquifers; there are 231 Israeli settlements and civilian land use sites in the West Bank and 29 in East Jerusalem (August 1999 est.) |
![Western Sahara](/flagi/bmala/bmala.jpg) |
Western Sahara |
the waters off the coast are particularly rich fishing areas |
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![World](/flagi/bmala/bmala.jpg) |
World |
the world is now thought to be about 4.55 billion years old, just about one-third of the 13-billion-year age estimated for the universe |
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![Yugoslavia](/flagi/bmala/Yugoslavia-2001-bmala.jpg) |
Yugoslavia |
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controls one of the major land routes from Western Europe to Turkey and the Near East; strategic location along the Adriatic coast |
![Zambia](/flagi/bmala/Zambia-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Zambia |
landlocked; the Zambezi forms a natural riverine boundary with Zimbabwe |
landlocked |
![Zimbabwe](/flagi/bmala/Zimbabwe-2002-bmala.jpg) |
Zimbabwe |
landlocked; the Zambezi forms a natural riverine boundary with Zambia; in full flood (February-April) the massive Victoria Falls on the river forms the world's largest curtain of falling water |
landlocked |